While fewer and fewer people are listening to FM radio today, it was hot stuff amid its widespread rollout during the late 1930s and early 40s. Short for frequency modulation, FM’s appeal compared to ...

The terahertz quantum cascade laser on its mounting. Credit: University of Leeds Lasers that switch on and off billions of times per second are the backbone of optical communications networks, but ...

Unless you design EDGE or 3G/UMTS cell phone handsets, you may not have heard of polar modulation. As you know, there are only a few basic types of modulation, but they have been used in a variety of ...