Particle measurements in ultra-pure water (UPW) systems can take a long time to return to a stable baseline after normal operations are interrupted by an event such as maintenance shutdowns. A ...

In reliability engineering, few indicators are as consistently revealing as the particles that infiltrate a lubrication system. Long before vibration, temperature, or performance changes become ...

This article outlines guidelines for the testing of high pressure gases utilized in cleanrooms according to the cleanliness limits stated in the FDA cGMP guidelines, the ISO 14644-1 cleanroom ...

Optical particle counters (equipment here from Pacific Scientific), now with ISO standard calibrations, determine the condition of hydraulic oils used in injection machines and ensure comparability of ...

Modern manufacturing techniques frequently require clean environments designed, constructed, and maintained to facilitate the highest production yields possible while also meeting predictable ...

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Both the USA cGMP 1 and EU GMP 2 dictate that cleanroom classification must be carried out according to ISO 14644-1. The version of this ISO standard released in 1999 4 was rewritten by a group of ...

Oil contamination, whether in stationary or mobile industrial equipment, can be a drag on performance and profitability, and in the worst case can cause severe and costly equipment damage. In a ...