Frequency mixers are often implemented using a diode bridge or a Gilbert cell. Both types of mixers use a local oscillator (LO) to flip the polarity of the radio-frequency (RF) input. When the LO is ...

The need to translate frequencies up or down is a basic signal-chain need. The key component used to do this is the mixer, which essentially multiplies two signals together. In the frequency domain, ...

Direct conversion (or low IF) receiver designs have been in existence for many years. They are widely used in mobile phones and cordless telephones because of their simplicity and lower cost. However, ...

The following is excerpted from Chapter 8 of “RF Circuit Design, 2e” by Christopher Bowick. Moving up the scale in complexity, we come to the next evolutionary RF architecture: the ...

Linear Technology has launched a double-balanced mixer that can operate either as an up-converter or down-converter, with a very wide RF frequency range from 2GHz to 14GHz. The LTC5549 is able to ...

Radio frequency (RF) and wireless design are considered specialist skills within the electronics industry, so usually, only those involved understand the terminology and critical principles. However, ...

Many engineers who use spectrum analyzers on a regular basis might be content to know that their instruments will produce a display of “power versus frequency” with little idea of what’s going on ...

For RF inductor selection, José Martos and Heinz Zenkner stress the importance of evaluating inductance, natural resonant frequency, quality, DC resistance and rated current for high-frequency ...