STEM operates by focusing a beam of electrons into a narrow probe that is scanned across a thin specimen. As the electrons interact with the sample, they are either scattered or transmitted. The ...

Scanning transmission electron microscopy, or STEM, is a powerful imaging technique that enables researchers to study a material’s morphology, composition, and bonding behavior at the angstrom scale.

Thin section petrography, geochemistry, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction are key scientific methods used to investigate the raw materials, origins and production technology of ...