Q: Our four-cylinder 1998 Toyota Camry has an occasional glitch. Upon turning the key, there will be a single, solitary click. The next attempt will usually be successful, but sometimes there’s a ...

The opening part of this series laid out how the starter motor works, set the thing in the context of its electrical supply and suggested a few eyes-and-ears checks as the first steps in ...

Electronic relays have evolved a lot since their introduction in the early '30s, but their basic purpose hasn't changed. Transistors and integrated circuits have replaced vacuum tubes and the term ...

Relays are electromechanical devices that use a magnetic solenoid to actual a switch. When current is passed through the solenoid coil, it produces a magnetic field. The magnetic field is strengthened ...

Testing relays is both an art and a science. As relay technicians inevitably learn in the field, pure theory-based understanding of protective relays is not nearly enough for the real-world situations ...